Help:IPA/Oghuz languages

This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Oghuz languages on Wikipedia.

It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Oghuz languages in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here. Some keys are built on consensus more strongly than others; if the conventions of this key are already in wide use, any substantive change to it should be discussed on the talk page first as it would affect a large number of articles.

Shortcut: H:IPA-TR

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Turkish language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-tr}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

For a more in-depth coverage of the sounds of Turkish, see Turkish phonology.

Consonants
IPA	Example	English approximation
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	bebek (info • help)	about
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	vücut^[1]	like vase, but with both lips
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	şekil (info • help)^[2]	skew
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	madde (info • help)	ado
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	ocak (info • help)	jump
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	far	food
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	gam^[2]	ago
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	gerçek (info • help)^[2]	argue
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	anahtar (info • help)	home
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	hayat (info • help), düğün^[3]	yes
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	kabak (info • help)^[2]	score
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	bilinç (info • help)	late
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	kulak (info • help)^[2]	tail
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	cuma (info • help)	much
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	nesne (info • help)	not
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	engin^[4]	canyon
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	yangın^[5]	wing
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	pazar (info • help)	span
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	anahtarlar (info • help)	AmE pretty or Scottish r
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	sinek (info • help)	send
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	kişi (info • help)	shoe
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	Türkçe (info • help)	stable
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	çivi (info • help)	change
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	çivi (info • help)^[1]	vase
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	pazar (info • help)	zone
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	jilet	leisure

Vowels
IPA	Example	English approximation
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	kabak (info • help)	father
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	erkek (info • help)^[6]	cat
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	erkek (info • help)	bed
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	çivi (info • help)	creek
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	tokmak (info • help)	story
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	özgürlük (info • help)	somewhat like bird
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	ruh (info • help)	soup
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	kış (info • help)	somewhat like roses
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	Türkçe (info • help)	somewhat like cue

Suprasegmentals
IPA	Examples
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	torbalı [toɾbaˈɫɯ] 'with bag' Torbalı [ˈtoɾbaɫɯ] (a place name)^[7]
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:IPA symbol/data' not found.	â, î, û^[8], ğ^[3]	oğlan [oːˈɫan] (help·info) 'boy'

Notes

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 /v/ surfaces as [β] when either preceded or followed by a rounded vowel (but not when intervocalic).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 [c~k], [ɟ~ɡ], and [l~ɫ] contrast only in loanwords before ⟨â, û⟩ vs. ⟨a, u⟩. In native words, [c, ɟ, l] occur before front vowels ([æ, e, i, œ, y]) and [k, ɡ, ɫ] occur before back vowels ([a, o, u, ɯ]); word-finally or preconsonantally, [c, ɟ, l] occur after front vowels and [k, ɡ, ɫ] occur after back vowels.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1
In Turkish, the letter ⟨ğ⟩ (also called yumuşak g, 'soft g') indicates a number of different sounds, depending on context:
- in syllable-initial positions, is silent and indicates a syllable break, for example: ağır ('heavy') [aˈɯɾ], ağa ('Agha') [aˈa].
- in other positions, indicates the lengthening of the preceding vowel, for example: dağ ('mountain') [daː], doğru ('true') [doːɾu].
  - if the lengthened vowel is /e/, it sounds like [j], for example: eğlence ('fun') [ejlænˈdʒe]
- in proper names where it may appear following a consonant, it is treated as a ⟨g⟩, for example: Olğun [oɫˈɡun]
↑ [ɲ] appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants [ɟ] and [c].
↑ [ŋ] appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants [ɡ] and [k].
↑ Allophone of /e/ before liquids [l, m, n, ɾ] in coda/syllable-final position, and in the suffix -mez
↑ In Turkish proper, proper nouns are typically stressed on the 2nd or 3rd last syllable (see Sezer stress), and other words (excepting certain unstressed suffixes and stressed verb tenses) are stressed on the last syllable.
↑ Düzeltme işareti (Turkish for "correction mark") ⟨^⟩ is a sign which indicates both the vowel length and indicates if the letter ⟨k⟩ represents [c], the letter ⟨g⟩ represents [ɟ] or the letter ⟨l⟩ represents [l] before back vowels [a] and [u].
Yet the düzeltme işareti is used primarily to indicate palatalization, instead of length. For example, the word Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 293: attempt to index local 'data_module' (a boolean value). means "murder" when it is pronounced as [kaˈtil], but it means "killer" when it is pronounced as [kaːˈtil]. The letter ⟨a⟩ is left unmarked even if it is long because the sound /k/ does not become /c/ in this case.
⟨î⟩ is an exception, as it indicates only the vowel length.

[v-1] 1.0 ^1.1 /v/ surfaces as [β] when either preceded or followed by a rounded vowel (but not when intervocalic).

[velar-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 [c~k], [ɟ~ɡ], and [l~ɫ] contrast only in loanwords before ⟨â, û⟩ vs. ⟨a, u⟩. In native words, [c, ɟ, l] occur before front vowels ([æ, e, i, œ, y]) and [k, ɡ, ɫ] occur before back vowels ([a, o, u, ɯ]); word-finally or preconsonantally, [c, ɟ, l] occur after front vowels and [k, ɡ, ɫ] occur after back vowels.

[soft_g-3] 3.0 ^3.1 In Turkish, the letter ⟨ğ⟩ (also called yumuşak g, 'soft g') indicates a number of different sounds, depending on context:
in syllable-initial positions, is silent and indicates a syllable break, for example: ağır ('heavy') [aˈɯɾ], ağa ('Agha') [aˈa].

in other positions, indicates the lengthening of the preceding vowel, for example: dağ ('mountain') [daː], doğru ('true') [doːɾu].
if the lengthened vowel is /e/, it sounds like [j], for example: eğlence ('fun') [ejlænˈdʒe]

in proper names where it may appear following a consonant, it is treated as a ⟨g⟩, for example: Olğun [oɫˈɡun]

[4] syllable-initial positions, is silent and indicates a syllable break, for example: ağır ('heavy') [aˈɯɾ], ağa ('Agha') [aˈa].

[5] ther positions, indicates the lengthening of the preceding vowel, for example: dağ ('mountain') [daː], doğru ('true') [doːɾu].
if the lengthened vowel is /e/, it sounds like [j], for example: eğlence ('fun') [ejlænˈdʒe]

[6] the lengthened vowel is /e/, it sounds like [j], for example: eğlence ('fun') [ejlænˈdʒe]

[7] roper names where it may appear following a consonant, it is treated as a ⟨g⟩, for example: Olğun [oɫˈɡun]

[ny-4] [ɲ] appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants [ɟ] and [c].

[ng-5] [ŋ] appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants [ɡ] and [k].

[6] Allophone of /e/ before liquids [l, m, n, ɾ] in coda/syllable-final position, and in the suffix -mez

[7] In Turkish proper, proper nouns are typically stressed on the 2nd or 3rd last syllable (see Sezer stress), and other words (excepting certain unstressed suffixes and stressed verb tenses) are stressed on the last syllable.

[sapka-8] Düzeltme işareti (Turkish for "correction mark") ⟨^⟩ is a sign which indicates both the vowel length and indicates if the letter ⟨k⟩ represents [c], the letter ⟨g⟩ represents [ɟ] or the letter ⟨l⟩ represents [l] before back vowels [a] and [u].
Yet the düzeltme işareti is used primarily to indicate palatalization, instead of length. For example, the word Lua error in Module:Unicode_data at line 293: attempt to index local 'data_module' (a boolean value). means "murder" when it is pronounced as [kaˈtil], but it means "killer" when it is pronounced as [kaːˈtil]. The letter ⟨a⟩ is left unmarked even if it is long because the sound /k/ does not become /c/ in this case.
⟨î⟩ is an exception, as it indicates only the vowel length.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]